The leader of Syria’s Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), Ahmed al-Sharaa, addresses a crowd at the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus on December 8, 2024. Abdulaziz Ketaz/AFP via Getty Images
The leader of Syria’s Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), Ahmed al-Sharaa, addresses a crowd at the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus on December 8, 2024. Abdulaziz Ketaz/AFP via Getty ImagesSocks mocking former president Bashar al-Asad and the regime forces for sale in Salhiyya, Damascus on January 29, 2025. Rahaf Aldoughli.Fighters in SNA groups during operation Deterrence of Aggression against Bashar al-Asad. Northern Syria, December 3, 2024. Fieldwork photo by the author’s research fixer. Shared courtesy of the author.
The Tigris river passing through the Hevsel gardens of the World Cultural Heritage site in Diyarbakir. Mehmet Masum Suer/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty ImagesA destroyed mansion in the Dabanoğlu neighborhood in 2024, courtesy of the author.
A projection on the Louvre Museum in Paris by Amnesty International depicts jailed Saudi human rights activists including Loujain Al-Athloul (C) and reads “Mr Macron, demand their release,” ahead of the virtual G20 summit in November 2020. Thomas Coex/AFP via Getty Images
Umm Mohammed and her husband drink coffee at their destroyed home in Douma, March 23, 2017. She raises chickens as a source of food and income. Sameer Al-Doumy/AFP via Getty ImagesArtist’s rendering of one of many building plans for Marota City as seen on their website and Facebook page.
Map courtesy of Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi.Aerial view of Deir ez-Zor, 1934, by the French 39th Artillery Regiment. Source: IFPO.Mardin, Turkey, looking south toward the Jazira. Photo courtesy of Chris Gratien.
Syrian refugee women attend a workshop in the offices of the Syrian civil society organization Zenobia in Gaziantep, Turkey, 2017. Mary Turner/Panos Pictures/Redux