Smoke rises after an Israeli airstrike on Beirut, Lebanon on October 3, 2024. Houssam Shbaro/Anadolu via Getty Images Primers A Primer on Lebanon—History, Palestine and Resistance to Israeli Violence The Israeli bombardment of Lebanon between September and November 2024 was the deadliest violence in the country since the civil war. Lara Deeb, Maya Mikdashi, Tsolin Nalbantian, Nadya Sbaiti • 39 min read
A Sudanese woman chants slogans during a demonstration demanding a civilian body to lead the transition to democracy, outside the army headquarters in Khartoum on April 12, 2019. Ahsraf Shazly/AFP via Getty Images. Primers The Struggle for Sudan An introduction to the basic dynamics of the political landscape in Sudan since the 2019 revolution. Khalid Mustafa Medani • 21 min read
Fishing at the Chebayesh marsh in Dhi Qar province, Iraq, April 2019. Thaier al-Sudani/Reuters MER Article Water in the Middle East: A Primer A valuable introduction that challenges the dominant narratives, in PDF format. Jessica Barnes • 1 min read
Primers Behind the Drive to War in Iraq: A Backgrounder on the Crisis Answers to the major questions swirling around the Iraq crisis of 2002. Steve Niva • 1 min read
Israel’s separation wall near Jerusalem. Alfonso Moral Primers Palestine-Israel Primer Palestine, Israel and the Arab-Israeli Conflict Joel Beinin, Lisa Hajjar • 64 min read
