Middle East Research and Information Project

Critical Coverage of the Middle East Since 1971

Gudrun Kramer

Gudrun Kramer is Senior Research Fellow at the Stifling Wissenschaft und Politik in Germany and is the author of Egypt Under Mubarak: Identity and National Interest [in German] (Baden-Bade: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1968).

MER Article

Islamist Notions of Democracy

Most observers, in attempting to explain why the movement toward pluralism, liberalism and democracy has been relatively weak in the Arab world, have concluded that it must have something to do with culture, and more particularly with Islam. Growing interest and research in the subject have not shak

Gudrun Kramer • 19 min read

MER Article

Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World

Democracy has become a catchword of Middle Eastern politics, replacing in some ways the concern with Arab socialism of the 1950s and 1960s. Can a combination of political and economic liberalism, of multi-party democracy and a market economy, help Arab governments enhance their efficiency and acquire legitimacy? Will it reduce

Gudrun Kramer • 12 min read

MER Article

Tibi, Die Krise des modernen Islams

Bassam Tibi, Die Krise des modernen Islams: Eine vorindustrielle Kultur im wissenschaftlich-technischen Zeitalter (The Crisis of Modern Islam: A Pre-industrial Culture in the Age of Science and Technology) (Munich: C. H. Beck, 1980).

Gudrun Kramer • 3 min read