Middle East Report, “Reconstruction and Ruin,” Winter 2025, No. 317, Vol. 54 No. 4

Executive Director

James Ryan jamesryan@merip.org

Executive Editor

Billie Jeanne Brownlee bbrownlee@merip.org

Managing Editor

Marya Hannun maryahannun@merip.org

Senior Staff Editor & Photo Editor

Michelle Woodward mwoodward@merip.org

Cover Designer

John Lee

Board of Directors

Paul Silverstein (Board Chair) Reed College

Mona Atia George Washington University

Kaveh Ehsani DePaul University

Lisa Hajjar (Co-chair of the Editorial Committee) University of California, Santa Barbara

Muriam Haleh Davis (Co-chair of the Editorial Committee) University of California, Santa Cruz

Michael Hanna International Crisis Group

Adam Hanieh University of Exeter

James Ketterer Bard College

Vickie Langohr College of the Holy Cross

James Ryan MERIP Executive Director (ex officio)

Editorial Committee

Lisa Hajjar (Co-chair of the Editorial Committee) University of California, Santa Barbara

Muriam Haleh Davis (Co-chair of the Editorial Committee) University of California, Santa Cruz

Ayça Alemdaroğlu Stanford University

Sabiha Allouche University of Exeter

Stephen Gasteyer Michigan State University

Maziyar Ghiabi University of Exeter

Kanwal Hameed University of Exeter

Najib Hourani Michigan State University

Reinoud Leenders King’s College London

Shana Marshall George Washington University

Pascal Menoret Brandeis University

Jacob Mundy Colgate University

Hesham Sallam Stanford University

Kevin L. Schwartz Oriental Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences

Deen Sharp London School of Economics

Sean Yom Temple University

Format: Online

ISSN 3065-744X